10 ways to reduce risk of life-threatening diseases – The Nation Newspaper
August 13, 2026 by Oluwadarasimi Hephzibah
10 ways to reduce risk of life-threatening diseases
Life-threatening diseases such as heart disease, stroke, cancer, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases remain major health concerns worldwide
According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), many non-communicable diseases are linked to preventable risk factors, including tobacco use, physical inactivity, unhealthy diets and harmful alcohol use
Although not every disease can be prevented, individuals can take practical steps to reduce their risk and improve overall health
Here are ten ways to reduce the risk of life-threatening diseases:
1. Eat a Healthy and Balanced Diet
WHO recommends a healthy diet that includes a variety of nutritious foods, such as fruits, vegetables, legumes and whole grains. Reducing excessive salt, free sugars and unhealthy fats can help lower the risk of diseases such as heart disease, diabetes and some cancers
2. Stay Physically Active
Regular physical activity supports physical and mental health and can reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and some cancers. WHO recommends that adults get at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity physical activity each week, or an equivalent amount of vigorous activity
3. Avoid Tobacco
Smoking and other forms of tobacco use are major causes of preventable disease and death. WHO states that tobacco contributes to cancer, heart disease, stroke and respiratory diseases. Avoiding tobacco or seeking professional support to quit can significantly reduce health risks
4. Avoid Harmful Alcohol Use
Excessive alcohol consumption can increase the risk of several serious health conditions. Reducing alcohol consumption or avoiding it can help protect long-term health. WHO identifies harmful alcohol use as one of the major risk factors for non-communicable diseases
5. Maintain a Healthy Weight
Unhealthy weight gain and obesity can increase the risk of conditions such as cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Maintaining a balanced diet and engaging in regular physical activity can help support a healthy weight
6. Go for Regular Health Checks
Some serious diseases may not produce obvious symptoms in their early stages. Appropriate health checks and screening can help detect certain conditions early. WHO identifies detection, screening and treatment as important parts of preventing and managing non-communicable diseases
7. Keep Good Hygiene
Regular handwashing, safe food preparation, clean drinking water and a clean environment can help reduce exposure to infectious diseases. Personal hygiene is therefore an important part of protecting individual and community health
8. Take Recommended Vaccinations
Vaccination is an important public health measure for preventing infectious diseases. Keeping up to date with vaccines recommended by qualified healthcare professionals can provide protection against diseases that may cause serious illness
9. Manage Stress and Get Enough Rest
Taking care of mental well-being is also part of maintaining good health. Regular rest, adequate sleep, physical activity and healthy social connections can support overall well-being and help people maintain healthier lifestyles
10. Seek Medical Attention When Necessary
Persistent or unusual symptoms should not be ignored. Seeking professional medical advice when necessary can help people receive an appropriate diagnosis and treatment. People should also avoid self-medication when a health problem requires professional attention
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life-threatening diseases
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